Written by: Trevor Mahoney
Last updated: March 23, 2025
Subaru is known for its highly dependable vehicles, which are very likely to still be on the road after 20-plus years of use. Many Subaru models, such as the Subaru Forester, Subaru Outback, Subaru WRX, and more, have become iconic as a result. However, just like with any other used vehicle, the odds are that you will eventually run into different engine problems that can take your used Subaru out of commission. Subaru owners need to be particularly in tune with their vehicles to recognize the common issues as they arise.
Subaru uses a unique engine type that isn’t found in many other vehicles. While this type of powertrain is one of the keys to Subaru vehicles’ longevity, it also presents some unique problems. By understanding what they are, you can be prepared for any extensive repairs that might need to happen.
What Types of Engines Does Subaru Make?
For more than 40 years, Subaru has been using its own design of what it calls the ‘boxer engine,’ which has become something of a legacy. This four-cylinder block is liquid-cooled and features a horizontally opposed arrangement, where the cylinders sit side by side rather than in the traditional vertical or V-shape configurations used by most other car manufacturers. All of Subaru’s vehicles, such as the Outback and WRX, use this distinctive engine type with the exception of just a few models that are exclusively available in Japan.
The boxer engine works by positioning four cylinders in a way that they move toward each other, as opposed to moving away from one another in conventional engines. This layout creates a lower center of gravity for the vehicle, thus contributing to Subaru’s renowned stability and handling, especially on rough or uneven terrain. Additionally, the horizontally opposed cylinders are perfectly counterbalanced, which results in both a smoother and more comfortable ride while helping prevent common problems like overheating.
The opposing motion of the cylinders acts as sort of a natural counterweight, effectively offsetting the vibrations that would normally be present in other engines. This helps to not only reduce engine noise but also improve the overall driving experience, providing Subies with a smooth and refined performance. The boxer engine design has become synonymous with Subaru’s commitment to engineering vehicles that prioritize safety, durability, and comfort, thus making it a key element to the brand’s identity.
What Years Did Subaru Engines Have Issues?
Despite the fact the boxer engine design is generally very dependable due to its low vibrations, some common consumer complaints have been the source of its low vibrations. By knowing what these are and what years they tend to occur, you can keep an eye out for them on your own used Subaru. Never try to DIY these repair issues either, rather trust a professional through regular maintenance to get your car fixed.
2019-Present
The 2019 Subaru boxer engine was at the root of a recall that involved more than 188,000 cars. This was due to a faulty fuel pump causing stalling, even when the vehicle was in motion. The pump itself was prone to cracks, which caused the engine to either run rough, misfire, or completely stall due to the lack of fuel in the combustion chamber. This would usually cause the check engine light to either turn on or flash.
This year also saw a recall of nearly half a million Subarus was also made for CPU problems that were sending power to the ignition coil, even when the car was off. This resulted in electrical problems like blown fuses, issues with spark plugs, the injectors, short circuits, or power loss. The CPU needed to be reprogrammed to have this bug fixed.
Another 2020 recall was issued when it was discovered that over 250,000 vehicles had been sent out with a faulty positive crankcase ventilation valve. As a result, the valve would crack or split, allowing oil to enter the combustion chamber and damage the engine’s internal components. This was because it was not allowing pressure to ventilate properly, and the valve was splitting apart under the added strain.
Some newer Subaru models, especially turbocharged ones like the Ascent and Outback XT, have had a share of engine-related problems. In recent years, Subaru has made big improvements in engine design, particularly when it comes to addressing oil consumption that affected earlier boxer engines. While the base Subaru engines are generally more reliable, some drivers have still run into fuel system glitches and software-related problems.
2012-2014
The 2012, 2013, and 2014 model years of the Subaru Impreza, Crosstrek, and BRZ coupe all had a known issue with the engine’s valve springs. The springs were fracturing and causing issues like engine noise and stalling. These springs help control the air and fuel mixture, and when they break, they cause the engine to run either too rich or too lean. This can lead to other issues such as a head gasket failure, head gasket leaks, or general engine repairs being needed.
These model years also saw the filing of a class-action lawsuit against Subaru for excessive oil consumption. No recall was ever considered, but many consumers reported that their Subarus were going through more oil than should have been necessary. This issue may have been caused by some of the engine issues that these models were known for.
1996-2005
For the 1996 through 2005 model years, many different models of Subaru vehicles experienced oil leaks and issues related to a faulty head gasket. The gaskets were not holding a tight seal and were causing oil to either leak into the combustion chamber or out of the engine itself. This is a serious issue because the head gasket is one of the most labor-intensive and expensive repairs to make on a vehicle.
Which Subaru Engines Are the Most Reliable?
In recent years, Subaru has made significant improvements to its boxer engine design, which has addressed many of the issues that plagued earlier models. The introduction of the FB-series engines marks a particular major leap forward. They have been heavily praised for their reliability and high performance. Unlike some of their predecessors, which were subject to recalls, the FB-series engines have proven to be more dependable and have garnered widespread praise for both their durability and performance.
These improvements are the result of several key modifications to the engine’s design. For example, the FB-series engines feature a longer piston stroke, which helps to create a smoother operation and more efficient power delivery. This adjustment not only enhances the driving experience you have, but also reduces the strain on the engine which leads to a longer lifespan for the vehicle.
Additionally, the rods and pistons in the FB series are considerably lighter than those in earlier iterations. This reduction in weight contributes to fewer vibrations during the operation of the engine which, in turn, reduces the wear and tear on the engine over time. These advancements have made the FB-series engines some of the most reliable options in Subaru’s automotive lineup, thus appealing to drivers who prioritize longevity and consistent performance in their vehicles.
Protect Your Subaru Engine With an Extended Warranty
If you want to ensure that your Subaru is protected from some of the most common engine issues that may affect it, investing in an extended warranty after your dealership warranty expires is a smart decision. While Subaru vehicles are known for their reliability, even the most dependable cars can experience mechanical issues over time, and the last thing you want is something as serious as engine damage or engine failure, an issue with the cooling system, problems with the piston rings, or anything else that’s serious.
An extended warranty provides extra peace of mind by covering potential repair costs, typically for key components like the boxer engine and drivetrain. This coverage can be invaluable in protecting you from major costly repairs that may arise. By ensuring you have drivetrain coverage, you can address potential engine problems proactively. The transmission, driveshaft, and differential can all be costly to replace on a Subaru, but an extended warranty that covers these parts can eat the bulk of that cost if not all.
If you’re looking to get the most out of your new or used Subaru and ensure its longevity, then the only real choice is to partner with an extended warranty provider who can offer you both financial and emotional relief. Check out our buying guide to find out which warranty company or program works best for you.
